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Купить К/р №2 по англ (Money and Banking; Remuneration)
К/р №2 по англ (Money and Banking; Remuneration)

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Текст № 1
Money and Banking
Деньги и банковские операции
1. All values in the economic system are measured in terms of money. Our goods and services are sold for money, and that money is in turn exchanged for other goods and services. Coins are adequate for small transactions, while paper notes are used for general business. There is additionally a wider sense of the word ‘money’, covering anything which is used as a means of exchange, whatever form it may take. Originally, a valuable metal (gold, silver or copper) served as a constant store of value, and even today the American dollar is technically ‘backed’ by the store of gold which the US government maintains. Because gold has been universally regarded as a very valuable metal, national currencies were for many years judged in terms of the so-called ‘gold standard’. Nowadays however national currencies are considered to be as strong as the national economies which support them.
2. Valuable metal has generally been replaced by paper notes. These notes are issued by governments and authorized banks, and are known as ‘legal tender’. Other arrangements such as cheques and money orders are not legal tender. They perform the function of substitute money and are known as ‘instruments of credit’. Credit is offered only when creditors believe that they have a good chance of obtaining legal tender when they present such instruments at a bank or other authorized institution. If a man’s assets are considerable, then his credit will be good. If his assets are in doubt, then it will be difficult for him to obtain large sums of credit or even to pay for goods with a cheque.
3. The value of money is basically its value as a medium of exchange, or, as economists put it, its ‘purchasing power’. This purchasing power is dependent on supply and demand. The demand for money is reckonable as the quantity needed to effect business transactions. An increase in business requires an increase in the amount of money coming into general circulation. But the demand for money is related not only to the quantity of business but also to the rapidity with which the business is done. The supply of money, on the other hand, is the actual amount in notes and coins available for business purposes. If too much money is available, its value decreases, and it does not buy as much as it did, say, five years earlier....
4. Banks are closely concerned with the flow of money into and out of the economy. They often co-operate with governments in efforts to stabilize economies and to prevent inflation. They are specialists in the business of providing capital, and in allocating funds on credit. Banks originated as places to which people took their valuables for safe-keeping, but today the great banks of the world have many functions in addition to acting as guardians of valuable private possessions.
5. Banks normally receive money from their customers in two distinct forms: on current account, and on deposit account. With a current account, a customer can issue personal cheques. No interest is paid by the bank on this type of account. With a deposit account, however, the customer undertakes to leave his money in the bank for a minimum specified period of time. Interest is paid on this money.
6. The bank in turn lends the deposited money to customers who need capital. This activity earns interest for the bank, and this interest is almost always at a higher rate than any interest which the bank pays to its depositors. In this way the bank makes its main profits.
7. We can say that the primary function of a bank today is to act as an intermediary between depositors who wish to make interest on their savings, and borrowers who wish to obtain capital. The bank is a reservoir of loanable money, with streams of money flowing in and out. For this reason, economists and financiers often talk of money being ‘liquid’, or of the ‘liquidity’ of money. Many small sums which
Доп. информация
I. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст «Money and Banking».
II. Из 1 и 2 абзацев текста выпишите 2 предложения во времени Present Indefinite Passive и 2 предложения во времени Present Perfect Passive и переведите их на русский язык.
III. В следующих предложениях из текста найдите причастие I и причастие II в функции определения. Выпишите их и переведите на русский язык.
IV. Выпишите из 2, 4, 7 абзацев текста придаточные предложения с that, when, which, who и переведите их на русский язык.
V. Определите тип (0, I, II) следующих условных предложений, взятых из текста и переведите их на русский язык.
1. If a man’s assets are known to be considerable, then his credit will be good. -
If his assets are in doubt, then it will be difficult for him to obtain large sums of credit. - Если его активы под сомнением, ему будет сложно получить
If too much money is available, its value decreases, and it does not buy as much as it did, say, five years earlier. - Если доступно слишком много денег, их
If the customers didn’t keep their money on the deposit accounts the bank wouldn’t be able to make its profits.
VI. Выпишите из текста:
1) 3 словосочетания с инфинитивом, отвечающим на вопрос зачем? для чего? (2, 3, 4 абзацы)
2) 2 словосочетания с инфинитивом, отвечающим на вопрос что делать? что сделать? (7 абзац)
VII. Подберите в тексте антонимы к следующим словам:
VIII. Подберите соответствующие объяснения терминaм из текста.
IX. Письменно переведите 5 и 6 абзацы текста ‘Money and Banking».
X. Запомните слова и выражения из текста.

Текст № 2
Remuneration
Most of the full-time employees at our headquarters in Manchester earn an annual salary, divided into twelve monthly payments. Income tax is automatically (1) subtracted from the salary each month, along with National Insurance contributions. The staff in our London office also receive a London (2)...
I. Прочитайте текст. Подберите к подчеркнутым словам и выражениям из текста аналогичные по смыслу слова и выражения из данных в рамке.
II. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских слов и выражений:
III. Составьте правильные по смыслу предложения из колонок таблицы.
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