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The Population of Great Britain
I. Прочтите текст и письменно ответьте на вопросы, следующие, за ним.
In the number of population (57,1 mln - 1990) Great Britain holds one of the first places among the European countries. Britain ranks fourteenth in the world in terms of population. The English make up over 4/5 of the total population of the country. The proportion of the Scotsmen, Welshmen and Irishmen is about 15 per cent, this group including foreigners too.
The most intensive growth of the population of Great Britain took place in the 19th century, when the number of the inhabitants increased from 9 million to 38 million, despite mass emigration (mainly of the ruined peasants and the unemployed of the towns).
The country as a whole has a population density of about 233 people per square kilometre (1989), but in England proper - 363 people per square kilometre. The most highly populated regions are mostly the industrial districts. In some of them the density reaches 1,000 and even more people per one square kilometre.
The birth rates declined from 18 live births per 1,000 population in4 1965 to 13,6 in 1989. The main reason of this is associated with the social conditions in the country: the growth of unemployment, deterioration of the living standards, social tension, expensive housing, lack of pre-school institutions, etc. So there is a substantial fall in the natural increase of the population, the mortality rate remaining more or less stable, about 12 per 1,000 population.
The main feature of the changing age structure is the increasing number of elderly people. The lot of the elderly people in Britain is a serious social problem.
Marriage trends since the 1930s have been towards a higher proportion of people marrying and an earlier age pattern. The average age for the first marriages is just over 26 for men and 24 for women. The proportion of people divorcing is growing.
As regards the proportion of urban population Britain probably holds the first place in the world. Over 90 per cent of its population live in towns.
One should note that today in Britain there are also sizeable groups of Americans, Australians, Chinese and various European communities. In the last generation British society has therefore become more multi-racial as ethnic minority groups from almost all parts of the world have made a permanent home in the country.
1. Did mass emigration influence the growth of the population of Great Britain?
2. What are the most highly populated regions of the country?
3. What is the main reason of the birth rates decline?

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите 5.6.7 и 8-й абзаиы текста.

II. Выпишите из 1-го и 4-го абзацев предложения, содержащие независимый причастный оборот, и переведите их на русский язык.

III. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в нужной видовременной форме.
1. The Atlantic Ocean (wash) the western coast of Great Britain. 2. By, the end of the 18th century Europeans (visit) nearly all of the important Pacific islands.
3. In 1820 more than 70 per cent of the labour force in the US (work) on farms.
4. At present the bulk of the population of Scotland (concentrate) in the central lowlands. 5. Most of Britain´s former colonies (become) independent.

IV. Переведите предложения, содержащие инфинитивные конструкции.
1. Scientists believe the population of Great Britain to have been 2 million at the end of the 11th century.
2. Workers and employees are known to comprise 92 per cent of the population in Great Britain.
3. Projections for the future suggest the traditional increase in population of the country to be resumed.
4. Britain´s total population is expected to be 58,4 mln. in 2001.
5. It´s quite usual for international tourism in Britain to boost the development of the service sector.
Доп. информация
VI. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную форму глагола в придаточных условных предложениях.
1. If we (can) get food, clothes and shelter without working, we probably would not work. 2. If unemployment (to increase) the government would have changed its policy. 3. The price of juice will increase providing a spring freeze (to destroy) at least half the orange crop.

VII. Переведите следующие предложения, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов.
1. Human history is an ascending line, each its section corresponding to a definite and increasingly progressive socio-economic structure.
2. All the prerequisites for it having ripened, the subsequent structure establishes itself.
3. Man lives mostly in family groups consisting customarily of the parents with their children..
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